Shloka 57

तृष्णाक्षय-उपदेशः

Instruction on the Cessation of Craving

Devanagari script

स्यूमराश्मिरुवाच सर्वमेतन्मया ब्रह्मन्‌ शास्त्रतः परिकीर्तितम्‌ । न ह्विज्ञाय शान्त्रार्थ प्रवर्तन्ते प्रवृत्तय:

Transliteration

Syūmarāśmir uvāca: sarvam etan mayā brahman śāstrataḥ parikīrtitam | na hi vijñāya śāstrārthaṁ pravartante pravṛttayaḥ ||

Translation

修摩罗施弥说道：“婆罗门啊，我在此所言一切，皆依诸论典（śāstra）之权威而宣说。因为若不明了论典之义，任何人的冲动与作为，都不能真正有根有据地开展。”

Word by Word

• स्यूमराश्मिः: Sūyumarāśmi (proper name)
• स्यूमराश्मिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्यूमराश्मि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• ब्रह्मन्: O Brahmin
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• शास्त्रतः: from/according to the śāstra
• शास्त्रतः: Apadana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शास्त्र
• Form: tasil-avyaya (ablatival adverb)

• परिकीर्तितम्: has been declared/expounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-कीर्त्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• अज्ञाय: without knowing (having not known)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), with privative a-: 'not having known'

• शास्त्रार्थम्: the meaning of the śāstra
• शास्त्रार्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शास्त्रार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रवर्तन्ते: set about/engage (in action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-वृत्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• प्रवृत्तयः: activities/engagements/undertakings
• प्रवृत्तयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवृत्ति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

कपिल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Syūmarāśmi
• Brahman (addressee)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Right action (pravṛtti) should be grounded in understanding the purport of śāstra; mere activity without grasping scriptural meaning lacks proper direction and legitimacy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Syūmarāśmi concludes or reinforces his exposition by asserting that his statements are based on śāstric authority and that understanding śāstra is the prerequisite for meaningful engagement in action.