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Shloka 34

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

“त्रेतायुग आनेपर धर्मका प्रचार एक चौथाई कम हो जाता है, द्वापरमें धर्मके दो ही पैर रह जाते हैं; परंतु कलियुगमें तो धर्मका चतुर्थ भाग ही शेष रह जाता है ।।

tretāyuge ānepare dharmasya pracāraḥ pādonaḥ bhavati; dvāpare dharmasya dvau eva pādau tiṣṭhataḥ; kaliyuge tu dharmasya caturtha-bhāga-mātraḥ śiṣyate. tathā kaliyuge prāpte rājño duścaritena ca kāla-viśeṣasya prabhāvena ca dharmasya ṣoḍaśī kalā-mātrā śeṣā bhaviṣyati.

胡马特塞那说道:“在特雷塔时代,达摩的弘布与力量减弱四分之一;到兜婆罗时代,达摩只剩两条‘腿’;而在迦梨时代,达摩仅余四分之一。并且当迦梨时代来临时,由于国王的败德行径,加之该时代自身的特殊势力,整体达摩将只剩十六分之一。”其旨在说明:道德秩序的衰落不仅源于时代的趋向,统治者的失德更会加速并加深这种衰败。

तथाthus/and then
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कलियुगेin the Kali age
कलियुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकलियुग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्राप्तेwhen (it) has arrived/come
प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दुश्चरितेनby evil conduct/misdeeds
दुश्चरितेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुश्चरित
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भवेत्would be/comes to be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कालविशेषेणby the particular time/period
कालविशेषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकालविशेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कलाa part/fraction (a 'kalā')
कला:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मस्यof dharma/righteousness
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
षोडशीsixteenth (i.e., 1/16th)
षोडशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषोडश
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

हुमत्सेन उवाच

H
Humat­sena
T
Tretāyuga
D
Dvāparayuga
K
Kaliyuga
T
the king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

Dharma progressively weakens across the yugas, and in Kali it becomes extremely small; this decline is driven both by the inherent influence of the age (kāla) and by the ruler’s immoral conduct, implying that ethical leadership can either preserve or hasten the collapse of social righteousness.

Humat­sena is explaining a doctrinal account of yuga-based moral degeneration, using the metaphor of dharma’s ‘legs’ and fractional portions, and emphasizing that when Kali arrives, the king’s misrule together with the time’s power leaves only a tiny remnant of dharma.