Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 13

यज्ञेऽहिंसा-प्राधान्यम्

Primacy of Non-Harm in Sacrificial Ethics

युधिछिर उवाच शरीरमापदश्षापि विवदन्त्यविहिंसत: । कथं यात्रा शरीरस्य निरारम्भस्य सेत्स्यते

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca

śarīram āpadaś cāpi vivadanty avihiṃsataḥ |

kathaṃ yātrā śarīrasya nirārambhasya setsyate ||

由提施提罗说道:即便是奉行不害(ahimsa)之人,身体与困厄之时也仿佛彼此争执——灾难消磨其身,而其身又渴望战胜灾难。那么,若有人因惧怕哪怕极其微细的伤害而不敢兴起任何世间事业,他又如何维系“身体之行旅”(即生命的存续)?

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शरीरम्the body
शरीरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आपदःcalamities, hardships
आपदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआपद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विवदन्तिdispute, contend
विवदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + वद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
अविहिंसतःof one who is non-violent
अविहिंसतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअविहिंसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
यात्राmaintenance, livelihood (lit. journey/continuance)
यात्रा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयात्रा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शरीरस्यof the body
शरीरस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
निरारम्भस्यof one who undertakes no activity (no new enterprise)
निरारम्भस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरारम्भ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सेत्स्यतेwill succeed / be accomplished
सेत्स्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootसिध्
FormFuture, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ś
śarīra (the body)
Ā
āpadaḥ (adversities/calamities)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic dilemma: absolute non-violence can conflict with the practical need to sustain the body, especially during adversity. It asks how one can live if one refuses all undertakings out of fear of causing even subtle harm.

In the Śānti Parva dialogue, Yudhiṣṭhira questions Bhīṣma about the feasibility of strict ahiṃsā in real life. He points out that adversity pressures the body, and survival seems to require actions that may entail some degree of harm.