Mahabharata — Shanti Parva, Shloka 19
कालनियमः शोकशमनं च
Kāla as Regulator; Pacification of Grief
Devanagari script
प्रत्यक्षमनुपश्यामि त्वमपि द्रष्टमर्हसि । वर्जन वर्जनीयानामीहमानेन दुष्करम्
Transliteration
pratyakṣam anupaśyāmi tvam api draṣṭam arhasi | varjana varjanīyānām iha mānena duṣkaram ||
Translation
此事我亲眼所见，就在眼前；你也应当明白。在这里，当人被傲慢驱使时，要舍弃当舍之事，实在艰难。
Word by Word
प्रत्यक्षम्directly; before (one's) eyes
प्रत्यक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुपश्यामिI observe/see
अनुपश्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
द्रष्टुम्to see
द्रष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou ought/are fit (to)
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Root√अर्ह्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वर्जनम्avoidance; abstaining
वर्जनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्जन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वर्जनीयानाम्of things/persons to be avoided
वर्जनीयानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्जनीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
इहhere; in this world/context
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
मानेनby pride; through self-conceit
मानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दुष्करम्difficult
दुष्करम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even when the right course is plainly evident, pride (māna) makes it hard to abandon harmful or improper tendencies; ethical progress requires humility and the strength to renounce what ought to be renounced.
Vaiśampāyana, as narrator, underscores an immediately observable truth and urges the listener to see it as well: in the present context, pride obstructs the difficult but necessary act of giving up what should be avoided.