Shloka 2
मृत्योर्ब्रह्मणा नियोजनम् — The Commissioning of Mṛtyu by Brahmā
सर्वान् वेदानधीयीत शुदश्रूषुर्ब्रह्मचर्यवान् । ऋचो यजूंसि सामानि न तेन न स वै द्विज:
sarvān vedān adhīyīta śuśrūṣur brahmacaryavān | ṛco yajūṃṣi sāmāni na tena na sa vai dvijaḥ ||
毗耶娑说：“即便有人研习一切吠陀，侍奉师长，守持梵行之誓，并通达《梨俱》《夜柔》《娑摩》诸颂——仅凭这些，也未必成为圆满意义上的‘再生者’（dvija）。此偈意在指出：真正的婆罗门之德，不止于学问与戒律，更在于内证与正行，而非徒具经文之熟稔。”
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Textual mastery of the Vedas, service to the teacher, and strict student-discipline are valuable, but they are not sufficient by themselves to constitute true dvija-hood; the verse implies that inner virtue and lived dharma must complete learning.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Vyāsa states a criterion about what does—and does not—make someone truly ‘twice-born,’ using Vedic study and brahmacarya as examples to show the limits of mere formal qualifications.