Shloka 19

Ātma-saṃyama-dharma: One-pointedness of Mind and Senses (शुक–व्यास संवादः)

Devanagari script

कर्मातिशेषेण गुरावध्येतव्यं बुभूषता । दक्षिणो5नपवादी स्यादाहूतो गुरुमाश्रयेत्‌

Transliteration

karmātiśeṣeṇa gurāv adhyetavyaṃ bubhūṣatā | dakṣiṇo 'napavādī syād āhūto gurum āśrayet ||

Translation

毗耶娑说：既尽其余侍奉之务，求真实增长之弟子，当近师而坐以习学。其行当宽厚，不可责人毁人。师有所召，当即趋赴，归依于师之役使。

Word by Word

• कर्म: in (one's) duties/work
• कर्म: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अतिशेषेण: after the completion/with the remainder finished
• अतिशेषेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिशेष
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• गुरौ: with/near the teacher
• गुरौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अध्येतव्यम्: should be studied
• अध्येतव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-इ (अध्ये)
• Form: तव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, obligation (should be studied)

• बुभूषता: by one wishing to become/prosper
• बुभूषता: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (बुभूष् desiderative stem)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• दक्षिणः: courteous/considerate
• दक्षिणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनपवादी: not blaming; not slandering
• अनपवादी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनपवादिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्यात्: should be
• स्यात्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• आहूतः: having been called
• आहूतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-ह्वा
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गुरुम्: the teacher
• गुरुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आश्रयेत्: should resort to/attend upon
• आश्रयेत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-श्रि
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• guru
• disciple

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A seeker’s learning must be grounded in disciplined service: finish one’s duties, study in the teacher’s presence, maintain generosity and restraint in speech (no slander), and respond promptly when the guru calls.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Vyāsa lays down practical rules for a student’s daily behavior toward the guru—service first, then study, along with moral qualities like kindness and non-slander.