Shloka 16

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

Devanagari script

मनस्तु पूर्वमादद्यात्‌ कुमीनमिव मत्स्यहा । ततः श्रोत्रं ततश्नक्षुर्जिन्वां प्राणं च योगवित्‌

Transliteration

manas tu pūrvam ādad yāt kumīnam iva matsyahā | tataḥ śrotraṃ tataś cakṣur jihvāṃ prāṇaṃ ca yogavit | sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

Translation

毗耶娑说：“首先，知瑜伽者当擒住并制伏其心，如渔人取鱼。继而调伏耳根，其次眼根，其次舌根，并亦调御生命之气（普拉那，prāṇa）。坚忍之人由修习萨埵（sattva，清明与纯净），便堪断除睡眠（昏沉），在戒律严整的修持中保持觉醒。”

Word by Word

• मनः: mind
• मनः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• पूर्वम्: first/previously
• पूर्वम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्व

• आदद्यात्: should take/should seize
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-दा
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कुमीनम्: a fish (kūmīna)
• कुमीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुमीन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• मत्स्यहा: fish-slayer; fisherman
• मत्स्यहा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्स्य-हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ततः: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• श्रोत्रम्: ear/hearing
• श्रोत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रोत्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ततः: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• चक्षुः: eye/sight
• चक्षुः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चक्षुस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• जिह्वाम्: tongue
• जिह्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्वा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राणम्: breath/life-force
• प्राणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• योगवित्: knower of yoga
• योगवित्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग-विद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्त्वसंसेवनात्: from/through the practice of sattva (purity)
• सत्त्वसंसेवनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्व-संसेवन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• धीरः: steadfast/wise (man)
• धीरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निद्राम्: sleep
• निद्राम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• उच्छेत्तुम्: to cut off/eradicate
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-छिद्
• Form: Infinitive (Tumun)

• अर्हति: is able/deserves
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• mind (manas)
• ear (śrotra)
• eye (cakṣuḥ)
• tongue (jihvā)
• prāṇa (vital breath)
• fisherman (matsyahā)
• fish (kumīna)