Shloka 14
आत्मदर्शन-उपदेशः (Ātma-darśana Upadeśa) — Mind, Senses, and the All-pervading Self
संवत्सरं द्वे त्वयने वदन्ति संख्याविदो दक्षिणमुत्तरं च,विद्वान पुरुष दो अयनोंको मिलाकर एक संवत्सर कहते हैं। वे दो अयन हैं--उत्तरायण और दक्षिणायन
saṃvatsaraṃ dve tv ayane vadanti saṅkhyāvido dakṣiṇam uttaraṃ ca |
毗耶娑说：精于计数者宣称，一年（saṃvatsara）由两种“行程”(ayana)构成：南行（dakṣiṇāyana）与北行（uttarāyaṇa）。
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Time is to be understood through orderly divisions: a ‘year’ is defined as the union of two half-year solar courses—uttarāyaṇa and dakṣiṇāyana—showing a disciplined, knowledge-based approach to measuring and reflecting on time.
Vyāsa is giving an instructive definition from the standpoint of learned reckoners, explaining how the annual cycle is constituted by two ayanas (northward and southward solar courses).