Shloka 783

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा द्वेषात्‌ प्राहसन्त सुहृत्सम्भाविता हापि | जिन्हें हितेषी और मित्र समझा जाता था

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā dveṣāt prāhasanta suhṛt-sambhāvitā api |

Translation

释迦罗（因陀罗）说道：即便是被视为善意之人、朋友之人，见到亲族的财物毁灭——或为火焚，或为盗掠，或被国王夺取——也会因嫉恨而讥笑嘲弄。此偈揭示：嫉妒能败坏人伦之纽带，使所谓友谊在他人失落之际转为残酷。

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite

• द्वेषात्: out of hatred
• द्वेषात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वेष
• Form: masculine, ablative, singular

• प्राहसन्: they laughed / mocked
• प्राहसन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + हस्
• Form: imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada

• सुहृत्-सम्भाविताः: regarded/considered as friends
• सुहृत्-सम्भाविताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुहृत् + सम्भावित (सम् + भू + णिच् + क्त)
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• अपि: even / also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

Speaker

शक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śakra (Indra)
• suhṛt (friends/well-wishers)
• kinsman/relative (implied by context)
• wealth/property (implied by context)
• king (rājā, in the contextual gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse warns that envy (dveṣa) can make even reputed friends rejoice in another’s downfall. Ethical conduct requires compassion and restraint, especially when someone suffers loss; true friendship is tested in adversity, not prosperity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śakra (Indra) is describing a common moral failing: when a person’s wealth is destroyed or taken away, people who were thought to be allies may deride him out of spite. The statement functions as a reflective observation on society and character.