Shloka 10

योग–सांख्यसमन्वयः, रथोपमा, व्यक्त–अव्यक्तविवेकः

Yoga–Sāṃkhya Synthesis, Chariot Allegory, and the Vyakta–Avyakta Distinction

Devanagari script

पूर्ववृत्तव्यपेतानि कथयन्तौ समाहितौ । अथ भास्करसमुद्यन्तं रश्मिजालपुरस्कृतम्‌

Transliteration

pūrvavṛttavyapetāni kathayantau samāhitau | atha bhāskarasamudyantaṃ raśmijālapuraskṛtam ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：二人凝神安定，继续交谈，不再牵缠往事。就在这时，太阳升起，万缕光网先行铺展，映入眼帘——为他们沉思的对话标记了一个新的时刻。

Word by Word

• पूर्ववृत्तव्यपेतानि: gone past (i.e., former events having passed)
• पूर्ववृत्तव्यपेतानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्ववृत्त-व्यपेत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• कथयन्तौ: two (persons) narrating/telling
• कथयन्तौ: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथय्
• Form: Present (participle), Dual, Masculine, Nominative

• समाहितौ: both composed/collected (in mind)
• समाहितौ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समाहित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• भास्करसमुद्यन्तम्: the sun rising
• भास्करसमुद्यन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भास्कर-समुद्यन्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रश्मिजालपुरस्कृतम्: preceded/adorned by a net of rays
• रश्मिजालपुरस्कृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रश्मि-जाल-पुरस्कृत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Bhāskara (the Sun)
• raśmijāla (net of rays)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights disciplined conversation: setting aside distracting past matters (pūrvavṛttavyapetāni) and remaining mentally collected (samāhitau). Ethically, it models how dharma-inquiry proceeds best through focus, restraint, and a forward-looking mind.

What is happening in the narrative?

Two speakers continue their discussion in a calm, attentive state, deliberately leaving earlier events aside. As they speak, dawn arrives—the Sun rises with its rays—signaling a transition in time and the continuation of the instruction under a new day.