Shloka 9

अर्जुनस्य युधिष्ठिरं प्रति क्षात्रधर्मोपदेशः | Arjuna’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira on Kṣatra-Dharma

Devanagari script

त्यक्त्वा संतापजं शोकं दंशितो भव कर्मणि | क्षत्रियस्य विशेषेण हृदयं वज़ञसंनिभम्‌

Transliteration

tyaktvā saṃtāpajaṃ śokaṃ daṃśito bhava karmaṇi | kṣatriyasya viśeṣeṇa hṛdayaṃ vajrasaṃnibham ||

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说道：“抛却那由灼痛之苦所生的悲恸，振作心志以赴行动。因为刹帝利之心，尤当坚硬如金刚之雷霆。”

Word by Word

• त्यक्त्वा: having abandoned
• त्यक्त्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज्
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावे (indeclinable)

• संतापजम्: born of anguish
• संतापजम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संतापज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शोकम्: grief
• शोकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दंशितः: armed / equipped (as if with armor)
• दंशितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दंशित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• भव: be / become
• भव: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कर्मणि: in action; in duty
• कर्मणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• क्षत्रियस्य: of a kshatriya
• क्षत्रियस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• विशेषेण: especially
• विशेषेण: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विशेष
• Form: instrumental used adverbially

• हृदयम्: heart
• हृदयम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृदय
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• वज्र-संनिभम्: like a thunderbolt; adamantine
• वज्र-संनिभम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वज्रसंनिभ
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• kṣatriya
• vajra (thunderbolt)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

One should abandon debilitating grief and adopt steadfast resolve to perform one’s rightful duty; for a kṣatriya, firmness of heart is presented as an ethical requirement for responsible action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana, narrating the events, conveys an exhortation directed at a warrior to set aside sorrow and prepare for kṣatriya-appropriate action, emphasizing the ideal of an adamantine, unwavering heart.