Shloka 17
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
त्याग एव हि सर्वेषां युक्तानामपि कर्मणाम् | नित्यं मिथ्याविनीतानां क्लेशो दुः:खवहो मतः
tyāga eva hi sarveṣāṁ yuktānām api karmaṇām | nityaṁ mithyā-vinītānāṁ kleśo duḥkhavaho mataḥ ||
毗湿摩说道：唯有舍离，才是一切行持的真实圆满，即便对持戒精进、修行得法之人亦然。然若有人不舍我慢、我所、执著与欲求，却常自称谦卑自制，则无明等烦恼（klesha）便会生起，被称为招致痛苦之因。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
That genuine spiritual progress requires tyāga—giving up egoistic ownership, attachment, and desire within action; merely performing disciplines while retaining inner clinging is hypocrisy and results in kleśa (afflictions) that produce suffering.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma is teaching Yudhishthira about dharma and liberation-oriented conduct, emphasizing inner renunciation as essential even when one continues to act.