Shloka 32
Śrī–Indra–Bali Saṃvāda: The Departure and Fourfold Placement of Lakṣmī
अविद्या कर्म तृष्णा च केचिदाहु: पुनर्भवे । कारणं लोभमोहौ तु दोषाणां तु निषेवणम्,कुछ लोग अविद्या, कर्म, तृष्णा, लोभ, मोह तथा दोषोंके सेवनको पुनर्जन्ममें कारण बताते हैं
avidyā karma tṛṣṇā ca kecid āhuḥ punarbhave | kāraṇaṁ lobha-mohau tu doṣāṇāṁ tu niṣevaṇam ||
毗湿摩说道：有人宣称，无明、由执著所驱的业行与渴爱，是再生之因；也有人指向贪与痴，并指向对诸过失的放纵。由此可见，再生并非出于命定，而是根源于内在的染污与滋养它们的习气。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Rebirth is sustained by inner causes—ignorance and craving, expressed through actions, and reinforced by greed, delusion, and habitual indulgence in vices. Ethical purification and right knowledge are implied remedies.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhīṣma teaches by listing what various authorities consider the roots of punarbhava (rebirth), emphasizing psychological and moral causes rather than external ones.