Shloka 45
Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati
Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal
Devanagari script
कर्मणा बाध्यते रूपं कर्मणा चोपलभ्यते । कर्मणा नीयते<न्यत्र स्वकृतेन बलीयसा
Transliteration
karmaṇā bādhyate rūpaṃ karmaṇā copalabhyate | karmaṇā nīyate 'nyatra svakṛtena balīyasā ||
Translation
毗湿摩说道：“身相为业所制，亦为业所成；唯由业力，方得他身。又因自作强业之势，自我被牵引他处——投入那另一具身中。”
Word by Word
कर्मणाby/through action (karma)
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
बाध्यतेis afflicted/obstructed
बाध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootबाध्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
रूपम्form/body
रूपम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कर्मणाby/through action (karma)
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
उपलभ्यतेis obtained/attained
उपलभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
कर्मणाby/through action (karma)
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
नीयतेis led/carried
नीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
अन्यत्रelsewhere/into another place
अन्यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यत्र
स्वकृतेनby one’s own done (deed)
स्वकृतेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वकृत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
बलीयसाby the stronger (one)
बलीयसा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन् (comparative: बलीयस्)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
That karma is the governing force shaping one’s present embodiment and determining the next: actions bind the current form, procure another body, and propel the self into that future condition.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira about the inevitability of karmic consequence—linking ethical action to embodied fate and future rebirth.