Shloka 28

अध्याय २०८ — इन्द्रियनिग्रहः, सत्याहिंसात्मकवाक्, कर्मफलविवेकः

Restraint of the Senses, Non-harming Truthful Speech, and Discernment of Karmic Consequence

Devanagari script

उन्मुचो विमुचश्चैव स्वस्त्यात्रेयश्व वीर्यवान्‌

Transliteration

unmuco vimucaś caiva svastyātreyaś ca vīryavān | ete brahmarṣayo nityam āsthitā dakṣiṇāṃ diśam ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“温牟迦、毗牟迦，以及勇武的娑婆斯底阿特雷耶——这些婆罗门圣仙恒常居于南方之域。”

Word by Word

• उन्मुचः: Unmucha (a sage’s name)
• उन्मुचः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उन्मुच (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विमुचः: Vimucha (a sage’s name)
• विमुचः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमुच (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• स्वस्त्यात्रेयः: Svastyātreya (a sage’s name)
• स्वस्त्यात्रेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्त्यात्रेय (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वीर्यवान्: powerful, valorous
• वीर्यवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर्यवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ब्रह्मर्षयः: Brahmarishis (sage-seers)
• ब्रह्मर्षयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मर्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नित्यम्: always, constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• आस्थिताः: having taken up / abiding in
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (धातु) > आस्थित (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दक्षिणाम्: southern
• दक्षिणाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• दिशम्: direction/quarter
• दिशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक; स्त्री)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Unmuca
• Vimuca
• Svastyātreya
• Dakṣiṇā diś (the southern quarter)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the stabilizing role of Brahmarṣis: their constant abode and disciplined presence symbolize how spiritual authority and steadfast vows support dharma alongside political power.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma, instructing in Śānti Parva, lists specific great seers—Unmuca, Vimuca, and Svastyātreya—and states that they are permanently situated in the southern quarter, as part of a broader description of revered ṛṣis and their domains.