Shloka 35

Brahmacarya-Upāya: Jñāna, Śauca, and the Mind’s Role in Desire (शान्ति पर्व, अध्याय २०७)

Devanagari script

शासितारं च पापानां 2३४8 | समवर्तिनम्‌ । असृजत्‌ सर्वभूतात्मा च धनेश्वरम्‌

Transliteration

śāsitāraṃ ca pāpānāṃ samavartinam | asṛjat sarvabhūtātmā ca dhaneśvaram |

Translation

毗湿摩说道：那位主宰——一切众生的内在自性——化生出阎摩（Yama），惩戒罪恶、约束不义者，亦名“萨摩伐尔丁”（Samavartin），为亡者作公正裁断；又化生出俱毗罗（Kubera），为财富之主与宝藏的守护者。

Word by Word

• शासितारम्: the punisher/ruler
• शासितारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शासितृ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पापानाम्: of sinners/evil-doers
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• समवर्तिनम्: the overseer/one who presides (over the departed)
• समवर्तिनम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समवर्तिन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• असृजत्: created/produced
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सर्वभूतात्मा: the Self of all beings
• सर्वभूतात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूतात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• धनेश्वरम्: the lord of wealth (Kubera)
• धनेश्वरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनेश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yama
• Samavartin
• Kubera
• Śrī Hari (Viṣṇu)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Moral and social order are upheld through divinely instituted governance: Yama embodies impartial justice that restrains sin, while Kubera represents regulated stewardship of wealth. Together they imply that both punishment and prosperity function within dharma, not arbitrariness.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s discourse on dharma and cosmic administration, he states that the Supreme Lord (the Self of all beings) manifested key deities responsible for maintaining order—Yama to judge and punish wrongdoing and Kubera to oversee and guard treasures and wealth.