Shloka 3

प्रजापतयः देवगणाश्च दिशि-दिशि स्थिताः ऋषयः

Prajāpatis, Deva-Groups, and the Ṛṣis Assigned to the Directions

Devanagari script

प्रजापति श्रेष्ठतमं प्रजानां देवर्षिसंघप्रवरो महर्षि: । बृहस्पति: प्रश्नमिमं पुराणं पप्रच्छ शिष्यो5थ गुरुं प्रणम्य

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | prajāpatiśreṣṭhatamaṃ prajānāṃ devarṣisaṅghapravaro maharṣiḥ | bṛhaspatiḥ praśnam imaṃ purāṇaṃ papraccha śiṣyo 'tha guruṃ praṇamya ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：昔日，在诸天与仙圣云集的庄严会座中，大圣布里哈斯帕提——诸天仙（deva-ṛṣi）之冠——以弟子之礼向摩奴（Manu）顶礼；摩奴乃众生之主（Prajāpati），被尊为护持群生最胜者。既已礼敬其师，布里哈斯帕提便提出一则古老之问，求得指引，以正人生之纲纪，利乐一切有情。

Word by Word

• {'prajāpati': 'lord/progenitor of creatures

• a creator and regulator of beings', 'śreṣṭhatama': 'the very best, most excellent', 'prajānām': 'of the subjects/creatures/people', 'devarṣi': 'divine seer (a rishi among the gods)', 'saṅgha': 'assembly, group', 'pravara': 'foremost, pre-eminent', 'maharṣi': 'great sage', 'bṛhaspati': 'Brihaspati, preceptor of the gods

• a revered sage', 'praśna': 'question, inquiry', 'imam': 'this', 'purāṇa': 'ancient, time-honoured

• also ‘of old tradition’', 'papraccha': 'asked, inquired', 'śiṣya': 'disciple, student', 'atha': 'then, thereafter', 'guru': 'teacher, spiritual preceptor', 'praṇamya': 'having bowed, having paid obeisance'}

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Brihaspati
• Manu
• Prajapati
• Devas
• Rishis (Devarshi-sangha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse foregrounds the ethical method of learning dharma: even the foremost sage approaches knowledge through humility, reverence to the guru, and careful questioning rooted in ancient tradition.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma introduces a traditional episode: Brihaspati, leader among divine seers, bows to his teacher Manu (a Prajapati) and poses an old, authoritative question, setting up a discourse on right conduct and governance.