Shloka 37

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

Devanagari script

अजुन उवाच तत्त्वज्ञो जनको राजा लोके<स्मिन्निति गीयते । सो<प्यासीन्मोहसम्पन्नो मा मोहवशमन्वगा:

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca tattvajño janako rājā loke 'sminn iti gīyate | so 'py āsīn mohasampanno mā mohavaśam anvagāḥ ||

Translation

阿周那说道：“在此世间，阇那迦王被称颂为‘知真者’。然而即便是他，也曾一度为迷妄所胜。故而，切莫落入迷妄的支配。”

Word by Word

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तत्त्वज्ञः: knower of truth
• तत्त्वज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तत्त्वज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जनकः: Janaka
• जनकः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• गीयते: is sung/celebrated
• गीयते: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Passive

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular

• मोहसम्पन्नः: endowed with delusion
• मोहसम्पन्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोहसम्पन्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मा: do not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा

• मोहवशम्: under the sway of delusion
• मोहवशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोहवश
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अन्वगाः: follow/go after
• अन्वगाः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + गम्
• Form: Aorist (injunctive/imperative-like prohibition with मा), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Janaka

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even those renowned for wisdom can be momentarily clouded by moha (delusion); therefore one should remain vigilant and not let confusion govern one’s judgment or conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna cites the well-known example of King Janaka—praised as a tattvajña—to warn that delusion can arise even in the wise, and urges the listener not to be carried away by such delusion.