Shloka 31
जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः
Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment
Devanagari script
असक्त: सक्तवद् गच्छन् नि:संगो मुक्तबन्धन: । सम: शत्रौ च मित्रे च स वै मुक्तो महीपते
Transliteration
asaktaḥ saktavad gacchan niḥsaṅgo muktabandhanaḥ | samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca sa vai mukto mahīpate ||
Translation
大王啊，内心无所执著，却在诸般职责中行走如同有所承担；不染不缚，斩断一切系缚；对敌与友一视同仁——此人实为恒常解脱者。
Word by Word
असक्तःunattached
असक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सक्तवत्like one attached
सक्तवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसक्तवत्
गच्छन्going/moving about
गच्छन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
निःसङ्गःfree from association/attachment
निःसङ्गः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिःसङ्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुक्तबन्धनःwhose bonds are released; freed from bonds
मुक्तबन्धनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्तबन्धन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समःequal, even-minded
समः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शत्रौin/with regard to an enemy
शत्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मित्रेin/with regard to a friend
मित्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
मुक्तःliberated, free
मुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुक्त
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
महीपतेO king (lord of the earth)
महीपते:
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
अजुन उवाच
Characters & Entities
A
Arjuna (speaker, per supplied metadata)M
mahīpati (the king addressed)E
enemy (śatru)F
friend (mitra)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Liberation is defined by inner non-attachment and even-mindedness: one may continue to act in the world, but without clinging, without bondage, and without partiality between friend and foe.
The speaker addresses a king and characterizes the marks of a liberated person—someone who appears active in life yet remains inwardly free, unbound by attachments, and impartial in relationships.