Shloka 22
Ākiṃcanya–Tyāga Upadeśa
The Instruction on Non-ownership and Renunciation
Devanagari script
तमागतं खगं दृष्टवा गौतमो विस्मितो5भवत् । क्षुत्पिपासापरिश्रान्तो हिंसार्थी चाभ्यवैक्षत
Translation
见那鸟飞来，乔达摩惊异不已。彼时他饥渴交迫，又因行路而疲惫不堪，便以求食之心望向那鸟，起了猎杀之念。
Word by Word
तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आगतम्come, arrived
आगतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआ-गम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
खगम्bird
खगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
गौतमःGautama
गौतमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगौतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विस्मितःastonished
विस्मितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविस्मित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षुत्hunger
क्षुत्:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पिपासाthirst
पिपासा:
TypeNoun
Rootपिपासा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
परिश्रान्तःexhausted
परिश्रान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिश्रान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिंसार्थीdesiring to kill (for violence)
हिंसार्थी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहिंसा-अर्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अभ्यवैक्षतlooked at, eyed
अभ्यवैक्षत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-अव-ईक्ष्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes