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Shloka 43

Adhyāya 166: Kṛtaghna-doṣa (कृतघ्नदोषः) — the fault of ingratitude and the limits of expiation

यस्तु दूषयिता तस्या: शेषं प्राप्रोति पाप्मन: । ब्राह्मणानवगह्ठोह स्पृष्टवा गुरुतरं भवेत्‌,और जो उसे कलंकित करनेवाला पुरुष है, वह शेष एक चौथाई पापका भागी होता है। इस जगतमें ब्राह्मणोंको गाली देकर या उन्हें तिरस्कारपूर्वक धक्के देकर हटानेसे मनुष्यको बड़ा भारी पाप लगता है

yastu dūṣayitā tasyāḥ śeṣaṃ prāpnoti pāpmanaḥ | brāhmaṇān avagahṭhoḥ spṛṣṭvā gurutaraṃ bhavet ||

毗湿摩说道:而那玷污她、诋毁她之人,将承受其余的罪分。并且,在此世间,辱骂婆罗门,或以轻蔑之心推搡驱赶他们,都会招致极其沉重的过失。

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दूषयिताdefiler, one who disgraces
दूषयिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदूषयितृ (from √दूष्/दूषय्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
शेषम्the remainder
शेषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशेष
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्नोतिattains/gets
प्राप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Root√आप् (प्र + आप्)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाप्मनःof sin/evil
पाप्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootपाप्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
ब्राह्मणान्Brahmins
ब्राह्मणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अवगह्ठःone who has insulted/assailed (lit. plunged upon)
अवगह्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवगह्ठ (ppp from ava + √गाह्/गह्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्पृष्ट्वाhaving touched/assaulted
स्पृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√स्पृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
गुरुतरम्a heavier (sin/offence)
गुरुतरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगुरु (comparative: गुरुतर)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भवेत्would be/becomes
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

Slander and contemptuous treatment of the virtuous—especially brāhmaṇas—carry heavy moral consequences; the defamer becomes liable for a significant share of the sin generated by such wrongdoing.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma in the Śānti Parva, he explains how sin is apportioned in acts involving dishonor and emphasizes that abusing or physically humiliating brāhmaṇas is a particularly grave transgression.