Shloka 12
Gautama’s Flight, the Enchanted Grove, and the Arrival of Rājadharma
Nāḍījaṅgha
दमो नान्यस्पृहा नित्य॑ गाम्भीर्य धैर्यमेव च । अभयं रोगशमनं ज्ञानेनैतदवाप्यते
bhīṣma uvāca | damo nānyaspṛhā nityaṁ gāmbhīryaṁ dhairyam eva ca | abhayaṁ rogaśamanaṁ jñānenaitad avāpyate ||
毗湿摩说道：自制（dama，调御心与诸根）的标志在于：恒常不贪求他人之物；品性深沉而忍耐坚定；无所畏惧；并能平息内心的诸般病患。如此对心与感官的主宰，唯由真实之智（jñāna）而得。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma defines dama (self-restraint) through concrete traits—non-covetousness, composure, patience, fearlessness, and the soothing of mental afflictions—and states that these are achieved through jñāna (true knowledge and discernment).
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and inner discipline, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira by describing the marks of self-control and explaining that wisdom is the means to attain it.