Shloka 44
Dama-pradhāna-dharma (Self-restraint as the Root of Dharma) — Śānti-parva 154
Devanagari script
कि करिष्यथ शोचित्वा मृतं किमनुशोचथ । सर्वस्य हि प्रभु: कालो धर्मत: समदर्शन:
Transliteration
kiṁ kariṣyatha śocitvā mṛtaṁ kim anuśocatha | sarvasya hi prabhuḥ kālo dharmataḥ samadarśanaḥ ||
Translation
毗湿摩说道：“悲恸又能成就什么？为何为已死之人哀号——你能使他复生吗？唯有时间是万有之主宰；依于达摩，它以平等之眼观照众生。”
Word by Word
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
करिष्यथwill you do
करिष्यथ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
Formsimple future (luṭ), second, plural, parasmaipada
शोचित्वाhaving grieved
शोचित्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootशुच् (शोके)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
मृतम्the dead (one), dead
मृतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (from √मृ)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अनुशोचथdo you grieve (over)
अनुशोचथ:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-शुच् (अनुशोके)
Formpresent (laṭ), second, plural, parasmaipada
सर्वस्यof all
सर्वस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रभुःlord, master
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कालःTime (Death)
कालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धर्मतःaccording to dharma, rightly
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म
Formtasil-ablatival adverb (-तः)
समदर्शनःone who sees equally; impartial
समदर्शनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमदर्शन
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaK
Kāla (Time)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Grief cannot reverse death; therefore one should restrain excessive lamentation and recognize Kāla (Time) as the impartial sovereign operating in accordance with dharma.
In the Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs and consoles by redirecting attention from emotional lament to a dharmic understanding of mortality and the inevitability of Time.