Shloka 15
Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)
Devanagari script
बाष्पपूर्णमुखी दीना दृष्टवा त॑ं रूदती सुतम् । पूजनी दुःखसंतप्ता रुदती वाक्यमब्रवीत्
Transliteration
bāṣpa-pūrṇa-mukhī dīnā dṛṣṭvā taṁ rūdatī sutam | pūjanī duḥkha-santaptā rudatī vākyam abravīt ||
Translation
毗湿摩说道：普贾尼见到儿子遭此惨祸，泪水盈面。那位应受敬重的妇人，贫苦而为悲痛所灼，哭泣着说出了这样的话——
Word by Word
बाष्पपूर्णमुखीshe whose face is full of tears
बाष्पपूर्णमुखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबाष्प-पूर्ण-मुखी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दीनाwretched, miserable
दीना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रुदतीcrying
रुदती:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुद्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
सुतम्son
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पूजनीthe venerable lady (mother)
पूजनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपूजनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखसंतप्ताafflicted by sorrow
दुःखसंतप्ता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःख-संतप्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
रुदतीcrying
रुदती:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुद्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
वाक्यम्words, speech
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaP
pūjanī (a venerable woman/mother)S
suta (son)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse frames grief as a morally significant moment: intense suffering reveals human vulnerability and often becomes the occasion for counsel about dharma—how one should speak and act when overwhelmed by sorrow.
A revered mother sees her son crying; her own face fills with tears. Tormented by sorrow, she begins to address him—this verse introduces her lament or instruction that follows.