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Mahabharata — Shanti Parva, Shloka 8

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

प्रज्ञातलक्षणे मित्रे तथैवामित्रतां गते । कथं तु पुरुष: कुर्यात्‌ कृत्वा कि वा सुखी भवेत्‌

prajñāta-lakṣaṇe mitre tathaivāmitratāṃ gate | kathaṃ tu puruṣaḥ kuryāt kṛtvā kiṃ vā sukhī bhavet ||

玉提施提罗说道:“若有人先前凭明晰的征兆被认作朋友,却又同样地转为仇敌,人当如何与之相处?又当凭何而行,方能心安而得乐?”

प्रज्ञातलक्षणेin/with the recognized sign(s)/characteristic(s)
प्रज्ञातलक्षणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञात-लक्षण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
मित्रेin the friend (i.e., with regard to a friend)
मित्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अमित्रताम्enmity, the state of being an enemy
अमित्रताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्रता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतेwhen (it) has gone/turned (into)
गते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त, Neuter, Locative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
तुbut, then
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पुरुषःa man, a person
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुर्यात्should do, ought to act
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormVidhi-ling (Optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (Absolutive/Gerund)
किwhat?
कि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
सुखीhappy
सुखी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुखिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्might be, should become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormVidhi-ling (Optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-question: when relationships reverse—when a verified friend becomes hostile—one must choose conduct that is principled rather than reactive, aiming at inner steadiness and ethical clarity rather than mere retaliation.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Yudhiṣṭhira asks for guidance on right conduct. He raises a practical dilemma about betrayal or changed loyalties: how to behave toward someone once trusted who has become an enemy, and what course preserves one’s peace and happiness.