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Shloka 5

Bala and Dharma in Kṣatriya Governance (बल-धर्म सम्बन्धः)

यो<धर्मविजिगीशु: स्याद्‌ बलवान्‌ पापनिश्चय: । आत्मन: संनिरोधेन संधि तेनापि रोचयेत्‌

yo dharmavijigīṣuḥ syād balavān pāpaniścayaḥ | ātmanaḥ saṃnirodhena sandhiṃ tenāpi rocayet ||

毗湿摩说道:“若有敌人志在以非达摩之道求胜,势力强盛而其决意邪恶,则宁可与之议和——克制自身,甘受些许损失——也不要仓促投入足以招致覆亡的争斗。”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्म-विजिगीषुःdesiring to conquer by/with dharma (righteous means)
धर्म-विजिगीषुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविजिगीषु (√जि)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be / may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलवान्strong, powerful
बलवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाप-निश्चयःof sinful resolve/intent
पाप-निश्चयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मनःof oneself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संनिरोधेनby restraint/self-control (lit. by holding back)
संनिरोधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसंनिरोध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सन्धिम्peace, treaty, alliance
सन्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसन्धि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेनwith him / by that (person)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
रोचयेत्should prefer/approve; should choose
रोचयेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√रुच् (रोचयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Yes

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
enemy/adversary (śatru, implied)

Educational Q&A

When facing a powerful opponent driven by unrighteous and harmful intent, wise policy is to restrain one’s pride and impulses and prefer a peace settlement—even at some cost—if it prevents greater destruction and preserves dharma in the long run.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship and statecraft, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about dealing with dangerous adversaries: if the enemy is strong and morally corrupt, a controlled, strategic peace can be preferable to open war.