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Shloka 10

Sahadeva on Attachment (mamatā), ‘mameti/na mameti’, and the Middle Path of Conduct

अथवा वसतो राजन्‌ वने वन्येन जीवत: । द्रव्येषु यस्य ममता मृत्योरास्ये स वर्तते,अथवा राजन! वनमें रहकर वनके ही फल-फूलोंसे जीवन-निर्वाह करते हुए भी जिस पुरुषकी द्रव्योंमें ममता बनी रहती है, वह मौतके ही मुखमें है

athavā vasato rājan vane vanyena jīvataḥ | dravyeṣu yasya mamatā mṛtyor āsye sa vartate ||

又或者,噢大王,即便有人居于林野,以野果草根维生,若对财物仍怀占有之执念,他便如立于死神之口。外相的出离若无内心对“我之所有”的解脱,终归无益。

अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
वसतःof (one) dwelling
वसतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवस् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वन्येनby forest-produce (wild food)
वन्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवन्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जीवत:of (one) living / sustaining oneself
जीवत::
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
द्रव्येषुin possessions/objects
द्रव्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
ममताpossessiveness, attachment
ममता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootममता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आस्येin the mouth
आस्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआस्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्ततेremains, exists
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु) / वर्त्
FormPresent (Lat), Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular

सहदेव उवाच

S
Sahadeva
K
King (rājan)
F
Forest (vana)
D
Death (Mṛtyu)

Educational Q&A

True renunciation is internal: even an ascetic life in the forest becomes spiritually dangerous if possessiveness (mamatā) toward wealth or objects persists. Attachment is portrayed as placing one in the ‘mouth of Death’—a metaphor for inevitable ruin and bondage.

Sahadeva addresses the king and offers ethical counsel: he contrasts outward austerity (living in the forest on wild produce) with inward attachment, warning that mere lifestyle change without abandoning ‘mine-ness’ does not protect one from downfall.