Shloka 186

Adhyāya 118: Saciva-parīkṣā

Testing and Appointment of Ministers/Servants

Devanagari script

इयेष त॑ मुनि हन्तुमकृतज्ञ: श्वयोनिज: । तदनन्तर एक दिन रक्तकी प्रबल प्याससे पीड़ित वह शरभ, जो कुत्तेकी जातिसे पैदा होनेके कारण कृतघ्न बन गया था, मुनिको ही मार डालनेकी इच्छा करने लगा

Transliteration

iyeṣa taṁ muniṁ hantum akṛtajñaḥ śvayonijaḥ |

Translation

毗湿摩说：那忘恩负义之物，出自犬类，竟生起杀害仙人的欲念。其后有一日，它为强烈的嗜血之渴所逼迫；那舍罗婆（Śarabha）因生于犬种而成忘恩者，竟欲杀死那位牟尼。

Word by Word

• इयेष: desired, wished
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (इच्छायाम्)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मुनिम्: the sage
• मुनिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• हन्तुम्: to kill
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Tumun (infinitive), Parasmaipada (sense)

• अकृतज्ञः: ungrateful
• अकृतज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अकृतज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्वयोनिजः: born of a dog-womb (dog-born)
• श्वयोनिजः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्वयोनिज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• muni (sage)
• śvayonija (canine-born creature)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ingratitude (akṛtajñatā) and uncontrolled craving can overturn moral order, leading one to harm benefactors and violate dharma; gratitude and restraint are implied virtues.

What is happening in the narrative?

A canine-born being, characterized as ungrateful, forms the intention to kill a sage—setting up a cautionary episode about how base impulses can provoke violence against the righteous.