Mahabharata — Shanti Parva, Shloka 10
Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies
Gaṇa-nīti
भीष्म उवाच गणानां च कुलानां च राज्ञां भरतसत्तम | वैरसंदीपनावेतौ लोभामर्षो नराधिप
bhīṣma uvāca | gaṇānāṃ ca kulānāṃ ca rājñāṃ bharatasattama | vairasaṃdīpanāvetau lobhāmarṣau narādhipa ||
毗湿摩说道：“噢婆罗多族中最胜者，噢人中之主——在议会之中、宗族之内、诸王之间，能点燃仇怨之火的过失唯有二者：贪欲与阿摩尔沙（amarṣa，怨忿而不容忍）。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma identifies two primary inner vices that ignite hostility in social and political life—lobha (greed) and amarṣa (resentful intolerance). The ethical point is that controlling desire for gain and the urge to retaliate is essential for preserving harmony in communities, families, and kingdoms.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhishma continues his counsel on governance and dharma, explaining the psychological roots of feuds. He frames greed and amarṣa as the chief sparks that turn ordinary tensions among groups, clans, and rulers into lasting enmity.