Shloka 27

Kṣemadarśa–Kālakavṛkṣīya Saṃvāda: Counsel on Impermanence, Non-attachment, and Composure in Dispossession

Devanagari script

मुनिर्वाच अनागतमतीतं च याथातथ्यविनिश्चयात्‌ । नानुशोचेत कौसल्य सर्वार्थेषु तथा भव

Transliteration

munir uvāca anāgatam atītaṃ ca yāthātathya-viniścayāt | nānuśocet kausalyā sarvārtheṣu tathā bhava ||

Translation

仙人说道：“当人如实决断并洞见真实之理，便不再为未来或过去的任何事物而哀伤。故而，噢考萨利耶（拘萨罗之王子），你也当于一切事上如此，离忧无悲。”

Word by Word

• मुनिः: the sage
• मुनिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अनागतम्: the future (that which has not come)
• अनागतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनागत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अतीतम्: the past (that which has gone by)
• अतीतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतीत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• याथातथ्य-विनिश्चयात्: from/through the ascertainment of reality (as it truly is)
• याथातथ्य-विनिश्चयात्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: याथातथ्यविनिश्चय
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• अनुशोचेत्: should grieve (over)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनुशुच्
• Form: Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कौसल्य: O son of Kausalyā (O prince of Kosala)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौसल्य
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सर्वार्थेषु: in all matters/objects
• सर्वार्थेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• तथा: thus/in that way
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• भव: be (become)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• मुनि (the sage)
• कौसल्य (prince of Kosala)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True discernment of reality (yāthātathya-viniścaya) dissolves lamentation: one who understands things as they are does not grieve for what is past or what has not yet come, and should cultivate the same equanimity toward all matters.

What is happening in the narrative?

Within Bhīṣma’s instruction in the Śānti Parva, a sage’s counsel is cited: he addresses a Kosala prince (Kausalyā), urging him to abandon sorrow by grounding himself in clear knowledge of reality rather than being pulled by memories of the past or anxieties about the future.