Shloka 23
Duryodhana-vadha-pratikriyā: Harṣa, Nindā, and Kṛṣṇa’s Nīti-vyākhyā (Śalya-parva 60)
“अत्यन्त लोभीका अर्थ और अधिक आसक्ति रखनेवालेका काम--ये दोनों ही धर्मको हानि पहुँचाते हैं! जो मनुष्य कामसे धर्म और अर्थको, अर्थसे धर्म और कामको तथा धर्मसे अर्थ और कामको हानि न पहुँचाकर धर्म, अर्थ और काम तीनोंका यथोचित रूपसे सेवन करता है, वह अत्यन्त सुखका भागी होता है ।।
sañjaya uvāca |
atyanta-lobhaḥ arthasya cādhikā saktir eva ca |
kāmaś caite dvāv api dharmaṃ ghnataḥ ||
yaḥ kāmād dharmam arthaṃ ca na hiṃsati narottamaḥ |
arthād dharmaṃ ca kāmaṃ ca dharmād arthaṃ ca kāmataḥ |
dharma-artha-kāmān yathā-nyāyaṃ sevate sa sukha-bhāk ||
tad idaṃ vyākulaṃ sarvaṃ kṛtaṃ dharmasya pīḍanāt |
bhīmasenena govinda kāmaṃ tvaṃ tu yathā-tathā |
mām "govinda" iti brūṣe dharma-saṃsthaṃ vikalpitam ||
桑阇耶说道：“对财物的极度贪婪、对其更深的执著，以及欲（迦摩）——此二者确实伤害法（达摩）。然而，那不为欲而损害法与利（阿尔塔），不为利而损害法与欲，也不为法而损害利与欲；而是依其分寸奉行法、利、欲三者的人，便能分得至上的安乐。 但如今，一切都因法被伤害而陷入纷乱。噢，戈文达！毗摩塞那正是因贪求利益而损伤了法，才使此局面至此；而你却随己意欲将此举说成‘合乎达摩’，这不过是你自己的权宜之辞。”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches the balanced pursuit of the three aims of life (dharma, artha, kāma). Excessive greed for wealth and unchecked desire undermine dharma; true well-being comes from pursuing all three in proper proportion without letting one violate the others.
Sanjaya reports a moral dispute: the situation has become ‘vyākula’ because dharma has been injured. Bhima is accused of acting from greed and thereby violating dharma, while Govinda (Krishna) is criticized for attempting to frame or justify the act as dharmic according to his own interpretation.