Shloka 2

Chapter 23: Śakuni Reports, Kaurava Advance, and Arjuna’s Penetration of the Host

Devanagari script

तांस्तु यत्नेन महता संनिवार्य महारथान्‌ | पुत्रस्ते योधयामास पाण्डवानामनीकिनीम्‌,उन भागते हुए महारथियोंको महान्‌ प्रयत्नसे रोककर आपका पुत्र पाण्डवोंकी सेनाके साथ युद्ध करने लगा

Transliteration

tāṁstu yatnena mahatā saṁnivārya mahārathān | putras te yodhayāmāsa pāṇḍavānām anīkinīm ||

Translation

然而，他以极大的努力拦住那些溃退的大车战士之后，你的儿子便转而与般度军交战——在撤退的混乱中强行推进战局，并重新确立指挥之权。

Word by Word

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• यत्नेन: with effort
• यत्नेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• महता: great
• महता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• संनिवार्य: having restrained/checked
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-नि-√वृ (वारयति/निवारयति)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• महारथान्: great chariot-warriors
• महारथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• योधयामास: fought/caused to fight (began fighting)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √युध् (योधयति) + √अस् (आस्, periphrastic perfect)
• Form: लिट् (periphrastic perfect), Perfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डवानाम्: of the Pandavas
• पाण्डवानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• अनीकिनीम्: army
• अनीकिनीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीकिनी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'te')
• Duryodhana (implied by 'your son')
• Mahārathas (elite chariot-warriors)
• Pāṇḍavas
• Pāṇḍava army (anīkinī)