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Shloka 13

Kṛtavarmā–Sātyaki Chariot Duel and Kaurava Morale Shock (कृतवर्म-सात्यकि-द्वैरथम्)

तमापतन्तं सहसा तु दृष्टवा पाज्चालपुत्र युधि राजसिंह: । त॑ वै द्विपं प्रेषयामास तूर्ण वधाय राजन द्रुपदात्मजस्य

tam āpatantaṃ sahasā tu dṛṣṭvā pāñcālaputra yudhi rājasimhaḥ | taṃ vai dvipaṃ preṣayāmāsa tūrṇaṃ vadhāya rājan drupadātmajasya ||

三阇耶说:见般遮罗之子在阵中骤然冲杀,沙尔瓦——诸王之狮——便迅速驱遣那头战象,王啊,意在诛杀德鲁帕达之子。

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपतन्तम्rushing/attacking
आपतन्तम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple
Rootआपत् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
सहसाsuddenly, swiftly
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeGerund
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (अव्ययभाव)
पाञ्चालपुत्रम्the son of the Pāñcālas (Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna)
पाञ्चालपुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चालपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
राजसिंहःthe lion among kings (kingly hero)
राजसिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्विपम्elephant
द्विपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रेषयामासsent/caused to go
प्रेषयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-इष् (धातु) / प्रेषय् (णिजन्त)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
वधायfor the killing
वधाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
द्रुपदात्मजस्यof Drupada's son
द्रुपदात्मजस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपदात्मज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pāñcālaputra, Drupadātmaja)
D
Drupada
Ś
Śālva (implied by context/epithet rājasimhaḥ in this episode)
E
Elephant (dvipa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of kṣatriya warfare: swift perception and decisive action are praised as royal virtues, yet they are employed toward lethal ends. It reflects how, in the Kurukṣetra context, duty and strategy often override compassion, revealing the grim moral cost of war.

Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāñcāla prince and son of Drupada, suddenly charges in battle. Observing this, the king Śālva promptly sends an elephant against him with the aim of killing him, as Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.