Shloka 49

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

Devanagari script

अवाकिरन्‌ शयव्रातैर्भारेद्वाजम भीतवत्‌ । ततस्तेन निनादेन सम्प्रबुद्धा: प्रभद्रका:

Transliteration

avākiran śayavrātair bhāradvājam abhītavat | tatas tena ninādena samprabuddhāḥ prabhadrakāḥ ||

Translation

三阇耶说：他们仿佛毫无惧色，向婆罗堕阇之子（阿湿婆他摩）倾泻箭雨。随后，那喧腾的轰鸣声惊醒了普罗婆陀罗迦众人。

Word by Word

• अवाकिरन्: they scattered / they showered
• अवाकिरन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव+कॄ (किरति)
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• शयव्रातैः: with heaps/multitudes of arrows
• शयव्रातैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शयव्रात
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• भारेद्वाजम्: Bhāradvāja (Droṇa’s son Aśvatthāman / one of Bhāradvāja lineage)
• भारेद्वाजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारेद्वाज
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभीतवत्: as if fearless / fearlessly
• अभीतवत्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभीतवत्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ततः: then / thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• तेन: by that (sound/roar)
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• निनादेन: by the roar / loud sound
• निनादेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निनाद
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सम्प्रबुद्धाः: fully awakened / aroused
• सम्प्रबुद्धाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+प्र+बुध् (प्रबुद्ध)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रभद्रकाः: the Prabhadrakā women (name of a group)
• प्रभद्रकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभद्रक
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhāradvāja’s son (Aśvatthāmā)
• Prabhadrakas
• arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how warfare breeds relentless fear and disruption: even sleep and ordinary human security are overturned by sudden aggression and the spreading panic of noise and confusion.

What is happening in the narrative?

Aśvatthāmā (identified as Bhāradvāja’s son) is being showered with volleys of arrows. The resulting uproar awakens the Prabhadrakas, indicating a sudden escalation and the camp/contingent being alerted.