Shloka 20
Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament and Kṛṣṇa’s Rudra-Cosmogony Explanation (सौप्तिक पर्व, अध्याय १७)
Devanagari script
भूतग्रामे विवृद्धे तु तुष्टे लोकगुरावपि । उदतिष्ठज्जलाज्ज्येष्ठ: प्रजाश्लेमा ददर्श सः
Translation
当众生之群已然繁盛，而世间之师梵天亦心满意足之时，长者——湿婆（Śiva）——自水中起身而出。甫一现身，他便看见了这一切众生。
Word by Word
भूतग्रामेin the multitude of beings
भूतग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूतग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विवृद्धेhaving greatly increased
विवृद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-वृद्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तुष्टेwhen (he) was pleased
तुष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष्ट
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
लोकगुरौin/when the teacher of the worlds (Brahmā)
लोकगुरौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोकगुरु
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उदतिष्ठत्arose, stood up, emerged
उदतिष्ठत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-स्था
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
जलात्from the water
जलात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest/senior one
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजाःcreatures, subjects
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
श्लेमाŚleman/Śleṣmā (a proper name; lit. phlegm)
श्लेमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्लेष्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes