Shloka 20

Devanagari script

निवसेम वयं ते वा तथा द्ूतं प्रवर्तताम्‌ । अक्षानुप्त्वा पुनर्यूतमिदं कुर्वन्तु पाण्डवा:

Transliteration

nivase­ma vayaṁ te vā tathā dyūtaṁ pravartatām | akṣān uptyā punar yūtam idaṁ kurvantu pāṇḍavāḥ ||

Translation

杜尤陀那说道：“无论是我们依附你们而居，还是你们依附我们而住——都可如此；但掷骰之局须继续。再执骰子，让般度五子重赛这一局。”

Word by Word

• निवसेम: may (we) dwell/stay
• निवसेम: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: निवस् (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-linga, Optative, 1, Plural, Parasmaipada

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, Nominative, Plural

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• तथा: thus / in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• द्यूतम्: the gambling (game)
• द्यूतम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्यूत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• प्रवर्तताम्: let it proceed / be set in motion
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रवृत् (धातु)
• Form: Lot, Imperative, 3, Singular, Atmanepada

• अक्षान्: dice
• अक्षान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• उप्त्वा: having sown/scattered
• Type: Verb
• Root: वप् (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (ktvā), Parasmaipada (usage)

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• यूतम्: a game of dice / gambling match
• यूतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यूत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कुर्वन्तु: let (them) do / let (them) make
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: Lot, Imperative, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डवाः: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Pāṇḍavas
• dice (akṣa)
• dyūta (dice-game)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how obsession and rivalry can override ethical restraint: Duryodhana presses for the continuation of gambling, a practice repeatedly shown in the epic to invite injustice and social ruin.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the aftermath of the first dice-game, Duryodhana insists that the dice-play should continue and urges that the Pāṇḍavas be made to play another round, pushing events toward deeper humiliation and irreversible conflict.