Shloka 57

Sabhā Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Pāṇḍavānāṃ Vanavāsa-prasthānaḥ; Duḥśāsana-nindā; Pāṇḍava-pratijñāḥ

Devanagari script

न विन्लुवन्ति कौरव्या: प्रश्रमेतमिति सम ह । स जन: क्रोशति स्मात्र धृतराष्ट्र विगर्हयन्‌

Transliteration

na vinluvanti kauravyāḥ praśrametam iti sma ha | sa janaḥ krośati smātra dhṛtarāṣṭraṃ vigarhayan |

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说：俱卢诸子并未收手，心想：“让他因用力而疲惫不堪。”于是，在场众人开始高声呼喊，责难持国王——谴责他放任这等罪行不加制止，任其继续。

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• विन्लुवन्ति: they do not omit/neglect
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + लुप्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• कौरव्याः: the Kauravas
• कौरव्याः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रश्रमेतम्: the (one) exhausted/overwearied
• प्रश्रमेतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रश्रमेत (पुं-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• समः: equal/indifferent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ह: indeed (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

• सः: he/that (person)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जनः: the people/crowd
• जनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रोशति: cries out
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रुश्
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• स्म: indeed/just (past-narrative particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र

• धृतराष्ट्रम्: Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• धृतराष्ट्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विगर्हयन्: censuring/blaming
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + गर्ह्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
• कौरवाः (Kauravas)
• धृतराष्ट्र (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

When rulers fail to restrain wrongdoing, they become morally accountable; the collective conscience of society may openly condemn such negligence, emphasizing that kingship is bound to dharma, not mere power or partiality.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the royal assembly, the Kauravas do not stop their oppressive conduct, expecting the victim to be worn down. The gathered people react with an outcry, reproaching King Dhṛtarāṣṭra for permitting the injustice to continue.