Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 36

Adhyāya 52 (Sabhā-parva): Vidura Invites Yudhiṣṭhira to Hastināpura for the Dice Match

शतशक्ष कुथांस्तत्र सिंहला: समुपाहरन्‌ । सिंहलदेशके क्षत्रियोंने समुद्रका सारभूत वैदूर्य, मोतियोंके ढेर तथा हाथियोंके सैकड़ों झूल अर्पित किये ।। संवृता मणिचीरैस्तु श्यामास्ताम्रान्तलोचना:,उपाजहुर्विशश्वैव शूद्रा: शुश्रूषवस्तथा । वे सिंहलदेशीय वीर मणियुक्त वस्त्रोंसे अपने शरीरोंको ढके हुए थे। उनके शरीरका रंग काला था और उनकी आँखोंके कोने लाल दिखायी देते थे। उन भेंट-सामग्रियोंको लेकर वे सब लोग दरवाजेपर रोके हुए खड़े थे। ब्राह्मण, विजित क्षत्रिय, वैश्य तथा सेवाकी इच्छावाले शूट्र प्रसन्नता-पूर्वक वहाँ उपहार अर्पित करते थे

śataśaḥ śaṅkhān tatra siṃhalāḥ samupāharan | siṃhaladeśakāḥ kṣatriyāḥ samudrasārabhūtaṃ vaidūryaṃ muktāpuñjāṃś ca hastināṃ ca śataśo jhūlān arpitavantaḥ || saṃvṛtā maṇicīraiḥ tu śyāmās tāmrāntalocanāḥ | upājahruḥ viśaś caiva śūdrāḥ śuśrūṣavas tathā ||

杜罗约陀那说道:“自僧伽罗而来,他们成百地献上海螺与诸般贡礼。僧伽罗国的刹帝利奉上仿佛从大海精髓中撷取的珍藏——vaidūrya 宝石、成堆的珍珠,以及数百副象饰。其人身披嵌宝之衣,肤色黝黑,眼角微赤,携礼被阻于门前而立。婆罗门、被征服的刹帝利、吠舍,以及渴望服役的首陀罗,也都以外示欢悦之态献上礼物。”

शतशःby hundreds, in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस्
FormAvyaya
कुथान्blankets, woollen coverings
कुथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुथा
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
FormAvyaya
सिंहलाःthe Sinhalas (people of Siṃhala)
सिंहलाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंहल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समुपाहरन्brought, presented
समुपाहरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+उप+आ+हृ
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person, Plural, Parasmaipada
संवृताःcovered, clad
संवृताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंवृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural (past passive participle used adjectivally)
मणिचीरैःwith jewel-garments
मणिचीरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमणिचीर
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
FormAvyaya
श्यामाःdark-complexioned
श्यामाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्याम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ताम्रान्तलोचनाःhaving eyes with coppery/red corners
ताम्रान्तलोचनाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootताम्रान्तलोचन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उपाजहुःthey brought/presented
उपाजहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप+आ+हृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, Plural, Parasmaipada
विशःthe clans/people (common folk)
विशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
FormAvyaya
शूद्राःŚūdras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शुश्रूषवःdesirous of service, attendant-minded
शुश्रूषवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशुश्रूषु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाalso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
FormAvyaya

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
S
Siṃhala (Siṃhaladeśa)
K
Kṣatriyas
B
Brāhmaṇas
V
Vaiśyas (viś)
Ś
Śūdras
C
conches (śaṅkha)
V
vaidūrya gems
P
pearls (muktā)
E
elephants (hastin)
E
elephant trappings/caparison (jhūla)
G
gate/doorway (dvāra, implied)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights how political power expresses itself through tribute and ceremonial giving: wealth, exotic goods, and public deference become instruments of legitimacy. Ethically, it invites reflection on the difference between genuine respect and compliance produced by conquest or fear.

In the royal assembly context, Duryodhana describes delegations—especially from Siṃhala—arriving with lavish gifts such as gems, pearls, and elephant caparisons. Various social groups are depicted presenting offerings, while the Siṃhala men stand at the gate with their tribute under court protocol.