Shloka 4

Devanagari script

अथोपविष्ट राजानं भ्रातृभि: परिवारितम्‌ | उवाच भगवान्‌ व्यासस्तत्तद्वाक्यविशारद:,भाइयोंसे घिरे हुए राजा युधिष्ठिरके बैठ जानेपर बातचीतमें कुशल भगवान्‌ व्यासने उनसे कहा--

Transliteration

athopaviṣṭaṁ rājānaṁ bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritam | uvāca bhagavān vyāsas tattad-vākya-viśāradaḥ ||

Translation

当尤提士提罗王在诸弟环侍之下落座之后，善于审时度势、言辞得体的尊者毗耶娑便对他说道。

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• उपविष्टे: when (he) had sat down
• उपविष्टे: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-विश्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भ्रातृभिः: by (his) brothers
• भ्रातृभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• परिवारितम्: surrounded/attended
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-वारय्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उवाच: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular

• भगवान्: the venerable/lordly
• भगवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भगवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• व्यासः: Vyasa
• व्यासः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यास
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तत्: that (various/that-and-that)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वाक्यविशारदः: skilled in speech/words
• वाक्यविशारदः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाक्य-विशारद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Vyāsa
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• the brothers of Yudhiṣṭhira (Pāṇḍavas, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical importance of timely, context-sensitive speech in matters of governance: a righteous king benefits from counsel delivered by a wise authority who knows how to speak appropriately to the situation.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the royal assembly context, Yudhiṣṭhira sits with his brothers around him, and the sage Vyāsa begins to address him, signaling the start of an advisory or consequential conversation.