Shloka 16

अभिवाद्य यथान्यायं यथाश्रेष्ठ नृपं च ताम्‌ कुशलानामयं पृष्टवा निषण्णौ रामकेशवौ,वहाँ बलराम और श्रीकृष्णने बड़े-छोटेके क्रमसे सबको यथायोग्य प्रणाम किया एवं राजा दमघोष और अपनी बुआ श्रुतश्रवासे कुशल और आरोग्यविषयक प्रश्न किया। तत्पश्चात्‌ दोनों भाई एक उत्तम आसनपर विराजमान हुए

abhivādya yathānyāyaṁ yathāśreṣṭha nṛpaṁ ca tām | kuśalānāmayaṁ pṛṣṭvā niṣaṇṇau rāmakeśavau ||

毗湿摩说道:罗摩(婆罗罗摩)与计舍婆(克里希那)依礼依序,按尊卑次第行礼致敬;又恭敬问候国王与那位夫人,询其安康、无病无恙。随后兄弟二人登上上座而坐。

अभिवाद्यhaving saluted
अभिवाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
यथा-न्यायम्according to propriety/rule
यथा-न्यायम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन्याय
यथा-श्रेष्ठम्according to seniority/excellence
यथा-श्रेष्ठम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्रेष्ठ
नृपम्the king
नृपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कुशल-अनामयम्welfare and freedom from illness
कुशल-अनामयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुशल + अनामय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृष्ट्वाhaving asked/inquired
पृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√प्रच्छ्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
निषण्णौseated
निषण्णौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-√सद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual, क्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally)
राम-केशवौRama (Balarama) and Keshava (Krishna)
राम-केशवौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराम + केशव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Balarāma (Rāma)
K
Kṛṣṇa (Keśava)
K
King Dama-ghoṣa
Ś
Śrutāśravā

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma in social conduct: one should honor people appropriately according to seniority and status, begin interactions with respectful salutations, and show genuine concern for others’ welfare and health before proceeding to business.

Balarāma and Kṛṣṇa arrive in an assembly, offer formal salutations in correct hierarchical order, inquire about the well-being and health of the king and a respected lady (identified in the Gītā Press context as Dama-ghoṣa and Śrutāśravā), and then take their seats on a fine seat.