Shloka 30

अर्हणनिर्णयः

Decision on the Highest Honor at the Assembly

Devanagari script

तस्मै भीष्माभ्यनुज्ञात: सहदेव: प्रतापवान्‌ | उपजद्वेडथ विधिवद्‌ वार्ष्णेयायार्घ्यमुत्तमम्‌

Transliteration

tasmai bhīṣmābhyanujñātaḥ sahadevaḥ pratāpavān | upajagāma tataḥ kṛṣṇaṃ vidhivad vārṣṇeyāyārghyam uttamam ||

Translation

得毗湿摩许可后，英勇的萨诃提婆走近奎师那——弗利什尼族中最尊者——依照既定仪轨，向他奉上最上等的阿尔伽（敬献之礼）。

Word by Word

• तस्मै: to him
• तस्मै: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• भीष्म: by Bhishma
• भीष्म: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः: having been permitted/authorized
• अभ्यनुज्ञातः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभ्यनुज्ञा (धातु: ज्ञा) / अभ्यनुज्ञात (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहदेवः: Sahadeva
• सहदेवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहदेव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रतापवान्: valiant, mighty
• प्रतापवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतापवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उपजहार: offered, presented
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-हृ (धातु: हृ)
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तत्: that (offering)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• विधिवत्: according to rule, duly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत्

• वार्ष्णेयाय: to the Vrishni scion (Krishna)
• वार्ष्णेयाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वार्ष्णेय
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• अर्घ्यम्: arghya-offering (honorary water/oblation)
• अर्घ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उत्तमम्: excellent, best
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Sahadeva
• Kṛṣṇa
• Vṛṣṇi lineage (Vārṣṇeya)
• Arghya (honor-offering)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Honor should be conferred through dharmic procedure and wise authorization: Sahadeva’s reverence is not merely personal devotion but a public, rule-governed act endorsed by Bhīṣma, aligning ritual propriety with moral legitimacy.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the royal assembly context (Rājasūya setting), after receiving Bhīṣma’s approval, Sahadeva formally approaches Kṛṣṇa and offers him the highest arghya, marking Kṛṣṇa as the foremost recipient of honor in the gathering.