Shloka 12

Devanagari script

द्राविडा: सिंहलाश्षैव राजा काश्मीरकस्तथा । कुन्तिभोजो महातेजा: पार्थिवो गौरवाहन:

Transliteration

drāviḍāḥ siṃhalāś caiva rājā kāśmīrakas tathā | kuntibhojo mahātejāḥ pārthivo gauravāhanaḥ ||

Translation

毗舍摩波耶那说道：“又有达罗毗荼人、僧伽罗人；亦有迦湿弥罗之王；光辉赫奕的昆提菩阇，以及名为高罗婆诃那的君主，都在那群集的诸王之中。”

Word by Word

द्राविडाःthe Dravidas (people/kings of Dravida)

सिंहलाःthe Sinhalas

चand

एवindeed/also

राजाthe king

काश्मीरकःthe Kashmiri (king/person)

तथाlikewise/also

कुन्तिभोजःKuntibhoja (a king)

महातेजाःof great splendor/might

पार्थिवःthe king/earthly ruler

गौरवाहनःwhose mount is a bull (bull-mounted)

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Drāviḍas

Siṃhala

Kāśmīra

Kuntibhoja

Gauravāhana

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the breadth of political participation: many distant regions and rulers converge in a single royal setting. Ethically, it implies that actions taken in such assemblies carry amplified responsibility, since they affect a wide network of peoples and kingdoms.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator Vaiśampāyana is enumerating kings/peoples present in the great gathering, naming the Drāviḍas, the Siṃhalas, the king of Kāśmīra, Kuntibhoja, and a ruler called Gauravāhana as part of the assembled royal company.