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Shloka 16

विकृष्यमाणैर्जवनैस्तुरड़मै- हतेश्वरै राजरथै: सुकल्पितै: । मनुष्यमातड्ररथाश्वराशिभि- ्रूतं ब्रजन्तो बहुधा विचूर्णिता:

vikṛṣyamāṇair javanaiḥ turaṅgamaiḥ hateśvarai rāja-rathaiḥ sukalpitaiḥ | manuṣya-mātaṅga-rathāśva-rāśibhiḥ drutaṃ vrajanto bahudhā vicūrṇitāḥ ||

沙利耶说道:那些陈设精良的王家战车——如今已失去其主人、驾车的战士——被迅疾的战马拖拽而去。人群、战象、寻常车辆与马匹在混乱中奔逃,许多仓皇奔跑者被践踏碾碎,支离破碎。此景揭示战争的道德代价:当统御者倒下、秩序崩塌,无辜者与凡庶之人便在恐惧的奔踏中遭到毁灭。

विकृष्यमाणैःbeing dragged/pulled (by)
विकृष्यमाणैः:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootवि+कृष्
Formpresent passive participle, masculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
जवनैःswift (ones)
जवनैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootजवन
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
तुरङ्गमैःby horses
तुरङ्गमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतुरङ्गम
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
हत-ईश्वरैःwhose lords were slain
हत-ईश्वरैः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootहत + ईश्वर
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
राज-रथैःby royal chariots
राज-रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् + रथ
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
सुकल्पितैःwell-equipped, well-constructed
सुकल्पितैः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसु+कल्पित
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
मनुष्य-मातङ्ग-रथ-अश्व-राशिभिःby masses of men, elephants, chariots and horses
मनुष्य-मातङ्ग-रथ-अश्व-राशिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य + मातङ्ग + रथ + अश्व + राशि
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
द्रुतम्swiftly
द्रुतम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्रुत
व्रजन्तःgoing, fleeing
व्रजन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज्
Formpresent active participle, masculine, nominative, plural
बहुधाin many ways / in many places
बहुधा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
विचूर्णिताःcrushed, pulverized
विचूर्णिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि+चूर्णित
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, plural

शल्य उवाच

Ś
Śalya
R
royal chariots (rāja-ratha)
H
horses (turaṅgama/aśva)
M
men (manuṣya)
E
elephants (mātaṅga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the collateral devastation of war: when commanders fall and discipline breaks, fear-driven flight causes indiscriminate harm. Ethically, it underscores that violence spreads suffering beyond intended targets, crushing even those merely trying to survive.

Śalya describes a battlefield rout: masterless, well-equipped royal chariots are pulled away by swift horses, while crowds of men, elephants, chariots, and horses surge in hurried retreat. In the crush of movement, many are trampled and pulverized.