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Shloka 1

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ६९ “लोक हैं।) अपन क्ाता छा आर: 2 द्विनवतितमो<ध्याय: कौरवोंका शोक

sañjaya uvāca | śalyas tu karṇārjunayor vigamarde balāni dṛṣṭvā mṛditāni bāṇaiḥ | yayau hate cādhirathau padānugaṃ rathena saṃchinnaparicchadena ||

三阇耶说道:大王啊,见迦尔纳与阿周那激战之中,诸军为箭雨所碾碎;又见阿提罗陀之子迦尔纳在徒步之际被杀,萨利耶王便乘其战车离去——车上的帷幔与诸般器具皆已破碎。

शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कर्ण-अर्जुनयोःof Karna and Arjuna
कर्ण-अर्जुनयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
विगमर्देin the fierce clash/struggle
विगमर्दे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविगमर्द
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बलानिarmies/forces
बलानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
मृदितानिcrushed/trampled
मृदितानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootमृद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
बाणैःby arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ययौwent/departed
ययौ:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
हतेwhen (he was) slain / with (him) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अधिरथौin/when Adhiratha (i.e., Adhiratha's son contextually)
अधिरथौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअधिरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पद-अनुगेon foot / following on foot
पद-अनुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रथेनby/with a chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
संछिन्न-परिच्छदेनwith (its) equipment/coverings cut off/destroyed
संछिन्न-परिच्छदेन:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिच्छद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) + subanta

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
Ś
Śalya
K
Karṇa
A
Arjuna
A
Adhiratha
R
ratha (chariot)
B
bāṇa (arrows)
B
balāni (armies)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the aftermath of violent escalation: when combat becomes a 'vigamarda' (crushing melee), the result is not only the fall of heroes like Karṇa but also the collapse of material supports (a chariot stripped of its gear) and the retreat of leaders. It implicitly warns that adharma-driven war consumes both sides, leaving ruin rather than stability.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that in the intense battle between Karṇa and Arjuna, the armies were devastated by arrows. Karṇa, Adhiratha’s son, has been slain after being forced to fight on foot. Seeing this, Śalya leaves the battlefield in a chariot whose coverings and equipment have been destroyed.