Shloka 31
Devanagari script
तदन्तरं प्राप्य वृषो महारथो रथाड्रमुर्वीगतमुज्जिहीर्षु:
Transliteration
tadantaraṁ prāpya vṛṣo mahāratho rathāḍram urvīgatam ujjihīrṣuḥ
Translation
三阇耶说道：觅得那一线空隙后，弗利沙——那位大车战士——急欲将陷入地中的战车抬起，竭力在战阵拥迫之中恢复机动。
Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्तरम्interval; opportunity; gap
अन्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving obtained/reached
प्राप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + आप्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
वृषःthe bull (heroic epithet); Vr̥ṣa
वृषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथchariot
रथ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आड्रम्wet; muddy
आड्रम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआड्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उर्वीगतम्gone into the earth; sunk into the ground
उर्वीगतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउर्वीगत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) from √गम् with prefix/compounding sense
उज्जिहीर्षुःwishing to lift out / to pull up
उज्जिहीर्षुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + √हृ (हरति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, इष्णु/इष्णु (desiderative participle sense: 'wishing to')
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaV
Vṛṣa (Karṇa)R
ratha (chariot)U
urvī (earth/ground)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the warrior’s resolve under adversity: even when circumstances turn against him (the chariot sinking), the kṣatriya ideal demands effort, composure, and persistence rather than surrender to panic or despair.
Sañjaya describes Karṇa (called Vṛṣa) seizing a brief opening in the fight to try to lift and free his chariot, which has become lodged in muddy ground, so he can rejoin the combat effectively.