Shloka 18

योडजयत्‌ सर्वकाम्बोजानावन्त्यान्‌ केकयै: सह | गान्धारान्‌ मद्रकान्‌ मत्स्यांस्त्रिगर्तास्तड्रणाउ्शकान्‌,जिस वीरने पहले समस्त काम्बोज, आवन्त्य, केकय, गान्धार, मद्र, मत्स्य, त्रिगर्त, तंगण, शक, पांचाल, विदेह, कुलिन्द, काशी, कोसल, सुहा, अंग, वंग, निषाद, पुण्ड्र, चीरक, वत्स, कलिंग, तरल, अश्मक तथा ऋषिक--इन सभी देशों तथा शबर, परहूण, प्रहूण और सरल जातिके लोगों, म्लेच्छराज्यके अधिपतियों तथा दुर्ग एवं वनोंमें रहनेवाले योद्धाओं-को समरभूमिमें जीतकर कर देनेवाला बना दिया था

vaiśampāyana uvāca | yo 'jayat sarva-kāmbojān āvantyān kekayaiḥ saha | gāndhārān madrakān matsyāṁs trigartāṁs taṅgaṇān śakān |

毗湿摩波耶那说:“他正是那位英雄:在战场上征服并使之纳贡的,有全部甘波阇人;阿槃提人与计迦耶人;又有犍陀罗、摩陀罗、摩蹉、三伽尔多、唐伽那以及释迦诸族。”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उदजयत्conquered/defeated
उदजयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + जि
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वall
सर्व:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
काम्बोजान्the Kambojas
काम्बोजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्बोज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आवन्त्यान्the Avantis
आवन्त्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआवन्त्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
केकयैःwith the Kekayas
केकयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
गान्धारान्the Gandharas
गान्धारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगान्धार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मद्रकान्the Madrakas
मद्रकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मत्स्यान्the Matsyas
मत्स्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
त्रिगर्तान्the Trigartas
त्रिगर्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिगर्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तङ्गणान्the Tangana people
तङ्गणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतङ्गण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शकान्the Sakas
शकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kāmboja
A
Avanti
K
Kekaya
G
Gandhāra
M
Madra
M
Matsya
T
Trigarta
T
Taṅgaṇa
Ś
Śaka

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores a key epic ethic of political life: conquest creates obligations and dependencies (tribute, subordination), and such accumulated power—won through force—becomes part of the moral background of the Kurukṣetra war, where earlier ambitions and dominations return as consequences.

Vaiśampāyana is describing a warrior’s past military successes by listing the many peoples and regions he defeated. The catalogue-style enumeration serves to magnify the hero’s might and to situate the current war within a wider map of allied and subjugated kingdoms.