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Shloka 80

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

कर्ण नित्य-निरन्तर युद्धके लिये उद्यत और शत्रुओंके लिये असह्य है। आज रणभूमिमें हार-जीतका जूआ कर्णपर ही अवलम्बित है। कर्णके मारे जानेपर अन्य कौरव शीघ्र ही परास्त हो सकते हैं। धर्मपुत्र राजा युधिष्ठिरके मनमें ऐसा ही विचार काम कर रहा था ।। ततो वध नाहति धर्मपुत्र- स्त्वया प्रतिज्ञार्जुन पालनीया । जीवन्नयं येन मृतो भवेद्धि तन्मे निबोधेह तवानुरूपम्‌,अर्जुन! इसलिये धर्मपुत्र युधिष्ठिर वधके योग्य नहीं हैं। इधर तुम्हें अपनी प्रतिज्ञाका पालन भी करना है। अतः जिस उपायसे ये जीवित रहते हुए भी मरेके समान हो जायँ, वही तुम्हारे अनुरूप होगा। उसे बताता हूँ, सुनो

karṇa nitya-nirantara yuddhake liye udyata aura śatrūoṃ ke liye asahya hai | āja raṇabhūmi meṃ hāra-jīta kā jūā karṇapar hī avalambita hai | karṇake māre jānepara anya kaurava śīghra hī parājita ho sakate haiṃ | dharmaputra rājā yudhiṣṭhirake manameṃ aisā hī vicāra kāma kara rahā thā || tato vadha nārhati dharmaputras tvayā pratijñārjuna pālanīyā | jīvann ayaṃ yena mṛto bhaved dhi tan me nibodheha tavānurūpam, arjuna! ||

风神说道:“迦尔那恒常备战,连绵不绝地求战,使敌人难以承受。今日在战场上,胜败的赌注全系于迦尔那一人;若迦尔那被杀,其余俱卢众便可迅速被制伏。达摩之子国王坚战(Yudhiṣṭhira)心中正盘旋着这样的念头。因此,达摩之子不应被杀;然而你,阿周那,也必须守住誓言。故当从我这里明白一法:使他仍活着,却如同已死——此计正合你,阿周那。听着。”

ततःtherefore/then
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
वधःkilling/slaying
वधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्हतिis fit/deserves
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मपुत्रःDharma's son (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
प्रतिज्ञाvow/promise
प्रतिज्ञा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अर्जुनO Arjuna
अर्जुन:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पालनीयाto be observed/kept
पालनीया:
TypeAdjective
Rootपालनीय
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जीवन्living (while alive)
जीवन्:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येनby which/whereby
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
मृतःdead
मृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
तत्that (means/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me/for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
निबोधunderstand/learn
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-बुध्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere/now
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अनुरूपम्suitable/appropriate
अनुरूपम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्जुनO Arjuna
अर्जुन:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
कर्ण (Karna)
अर्जुन (Arjuna)
युधिष्ठिर (Yudhiṣṭhira / Dharmaputra)
कौरव (Kauravas)
रणभूमि (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The passage balances two moral imperatives: restraint from unjust killing (Yudhiṣṭhira is ‘not fit to be slain’) and fidelity to one’s vow (Arjuna must keep his pledge). It introduces the idea of an ethical ‘upāya’—a strategy that avoids direct wrongdoing while still honoring duty.

Vāyudeva explains that Karna is the linchpin of the Kaurava war effort; if Karna falls, the Kauravas may collapse quickly. He notes that Yudhiṣṭhira is thinking along these lines. Then Vāyu advises Arjuna: do not kill Yudhiṣṭhira, yet fulfill your vow by adopting a means that leaves Yudhiṣṭhira alive but socially/psychologically ‘as good as dead’—a severe non-lethal outcome.