Shloka 62

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 58 — Arjuna’s Arrow-Storm and Relief of Bhīmasena

Devanagari script

अर्जुनं समरे क्रुद्धः प्रेक्षमाणो मुहुर्मुहुः | दैरथं चापि पार्थेन कामयानो महारणे

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | arjunaṃ samare kruddhaḥ prekṣamāṇo muhur muhuḥ | dairathaṃ cāpi pārthena kāmayāno mahāraṇe |

Translation

三阇耶说：迦尔那在战斗中盛怒，屡屡望向阿周那。在那场大交锋里，他渴望与普利塔之子进行车对车的决斗，便使弓弦轰鸣作响，以示挑战。

Word by Word

• अर्जुनम्: Arjuna (as object)
• अर्जुनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रेक्षमाणः: looking at
• प्रेक्षमाणः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-ईक्ष्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मुहुः: again and again
• मुहुः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मुहुः

• मुहुः: repeatedly
• मुहुः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मुहुः

• द्वैरथम्: chariot-duel (single combat in chariots)
• द्वैरथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वैरथ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• पार्थेन: by/with Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• कामयानः: desiring
• कामयानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कामय्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महारणे: in the great battle
• महारणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna
• Pārtha (Arjuna)
• Karna
• bow (twang/challenge signal)
• dairatha (chariot-duel)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethos of direct challenge and personal accountability in war: intense emotion (anger) is present, yet it is channeled into a formalized code of combat (dairatha), where honor and resolve are publicly signaled.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes Karna on the battlefield: he repeatedly fixes his gaze on Arjuna and, desiring a decisive chariot-duel with him, makes his bow resound—an audible declaration of challenge in the midst of the great war.