Shloka 16

कर्णवधार्थं धनञ्जयस्य प्रतिज्ञा — Arjuna’s resolve for Karṇa’s defeat

Devanagari script

केशवस्तु ततो बाहू विधुन्चन्‌ रणमूर्थनि

Transliteration

keśavas tu tato bāhū vidhun̄can raṇamūrdhani

Translation

桑阇耶说道：随后，计舍婆立于战阵最前，抖擞双臂——这是坚定而有力的备战之姿，昭示他在战争重压之下仍不移地扶持正法之道。

Word by Word

• केशवः: Keshava (Krishna)
• केशवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• ततः: then/from there/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• बाहू: two arms
• बाहू: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• विधुन्वन्: shaking/brandishing
• विधुन्वन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: विधुन्वत्
• Form: Present participle (Parasmaipada), Present, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

• रणमूर्धनि: on the battlefield (lit. on the head/top of battle)
• रणमूर्धनि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रणमूर्धन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Keśava (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid violence and uncertainty, steadfast resolve and disciplined readiness—especially when aligned with dharma—are portrayed as necessary qualities of leadership and support.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that Kṛṣṇa (Keśava), positioned at the front of the battlefield, shakes/brandishes his arms—an expressive sign of vigor, preparedness, and encouragement in the ongoing combat.