Shloka 27

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

Devanagari script

विडीनं परिडीनं च पराडीनं सुडीनकम्‌ | अभिडीनं महाडीन॑ निर्डीनमतिडीनकम्‌

Transliteration

viḍīnaṃ pariḍīnaṃ ca parāḍīnaṃ suḍīnakam | abhiḍīnaṃ mahāḍīnaṃ nirḍīnam atiḍīnakam

Translation

乌鸦说道：“我已沦为极度凄惨——在各方面都被磨损殆尽：坠入苦难，沉入更深的苦难，投入无量的苦难；凄苦，更凄苦，极其凄苦；被剥夺了全部气力，沦落到极端贫困。”

Word by Word

• विडीनम्: the one called Viḍīna
• विडीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विडीन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• परिडीनम्: the one called Pariḍīna
• परिडीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिडीन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पराडीनम्: the one called Parāḍīna
• पराडीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराडीन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• सुडीनकम्: the one called Suḍīnaka
• सुडीनकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुडीनक
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अभिडीनम्: the one called Abhiḍīna
• अभिडीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिडीन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• महाडीनम्: the one called Mahāḍīna
• महाडीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाडीन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• निर्डीनम्: the one called Nirḍīna
• निर्डीनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निर्डीन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अतिडीनकम्: the one called Atiḍīnaka
• अतिडीनकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अतिडीनक
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

Speaker

काक उवाच

Characters & Entities

• काक (Crow)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse dramatizes how misery can compound when one is overwhelmed—each prefix intensifies ‘ḍīna’ to show escalating helplessness. Ethically, it cautions that in violent, unstable contexts (like war), fear and dependence can rapidly erode dignity and agency unless steadied by discernment and support.

What is happening in the narrative?

A crow speaks in a highly stylized lament, repeating ‘ḍīna’ with multiple prefixes to convey extreme distress. The line functions as an emotive outcry within the Karṇa Parva’s broader war narrative, highlighting the atmosphere of suffering and desperation.